In the United Kingdom, milk chocolate must contain a minimum of 25% cocoa solids, 14% milk solids, and 3.5% milkfat. These conditions ensure that the chocolate produced in Europe tastes smooth and earthy, allowing the chocolate notes to dominate other ingredients. Any changes to this formulation, for example if the milk used is replaced with a higher fat dairy or ingredients are added for flavour, must be clarified on the label, as the general understood definition of milk chocolate no longer fits.
Canada follows similar regulations for milk chocolate (25% cocoa solids, 12% milk solids, 3.39% milkfat) and labelling requirements if sweetened with additives. The reduced inclusion of milk, although minor, means Canadian milk chocolate is more reliant on sugars/sweeteners and flavourings to compensate quality. Such is even more true for American milk chocolate, which regulates with the same milk solid and milkfat standards as Canada, but requires a minimum 10% chocolate liquor inclusion instead of cocoa solids.
The candy coating, too, can vary between products depending on the country’s ingredient availability and alternate food regulations. Many European countries have spent time cracking down on food additives and necessitating additional label warnings depending on perceived risk. For example, although the food colouring Red 40 or Allura Red is allowable in the United Kingdom (and, in fact, listed as a colourant for Eggies), Mini Eggs opt for agents like beetroot and paprika. Titanium dioxide, the food whitening agent banned in the European Union and currently between American crosshairs, is used in FRANK’s in large part due to Canada’s evidence-based risk assessment process. If FRANK were to be available outside of Canada, which they are not, perhaps ingredients would be more representative of international regulations however, it is important to remember that the inclusion of titanium dioxide does not reduce product safety and that small candy businesses sometimes must rely on ingredients with long shelf lives to remain competitive with bigger brands.